Search results for "activity concentration"

showing 8 items of 8 documents

Analysis of 7Be and 210Pb concentration and 7Be/210Pb activity ratio in ground level air in Palermo (Italy)

2019

A series of measurements of particulate samples collected on paper filters in Palermo (Italy) during 1995–2005 has been performed to detect 210Pb air activity concentration and, along with previous similar data on 7Be, to evaluate their activity ratio. Average values for the daily activity concentrations of 7Be and 210Pb are found to be 4.7 and 0.6 mBq/m3 , respectively, 9.8 being the average activity ratio. Data confirm a seasonal behavior for both radionuclides. A correlation between 7Be and 210Pb air activity concentrations seems to exist, despite their different origins. The time behaviors of both 7Be and 210Pb air concentrations and 7Be/ 210Pb activity ratio have been compared with som…

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsRadiationSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione Nucleari02 engineering and technologyParticulates021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesPalermoSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaGround levelair particulateEnvironmental chemistry7Be0103 physical sciencesActivity concentrationEnvironmental scienceGeneral Materials Science0210 nano-technologyactivity concentration210Pb
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SU-E-I-83: Detectability Limits of a New Positron Emission Mammography in Relation to Tumour-Size, Tumour-To-Background Ratio and Activity Concentrat…

2017

Purpose:Positron emission mammography(PEM) improves spatial resolution and sensitivity, making it suitable for early breast tumours detection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the limits of a dedicated breast PET in terms of tumour‐size, tumour‐to‐background activity concentration ratio (TBR) and activity concentration. Methods: A dedicated PEM is evaluated. To characterize the device, we use a phantom of 15 cm of diameter containing 6 inserts of inner diameters 18, 15, 11, 8, 5 and 3 mm. To evaluate the detectability limits images are acquired by varying the TBR from 10 to 2 and without background activity concentration. In all the studies the activity concentration for the 6 inserts i…

Materials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineImaging phantomPositronTumour sizeActivity concentrationmedicineMedical imagingMammographyPositron emission mammographyNuclear medicinebusinessImage resolutionMedical Physics
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CONCENTRATION MEASUREMENTS OF 7Be AT GROUND LEVEL AIR AT PALERMO, ITALY- COMPARISON WITH SOLAR ACTIVITY OVER A PERIOD OF 21 YEARS

2003

Air activity concentrations of (7)Be in Palermo determined for the period January 1995-December 2002 by gamma-ray spectrometric analysis of particulate samples collected on paper filter by a high-volume sampler (approximately 900 m(3) h(-1)) are reported. The temporal behaviour of (7)Be concentration presents the same characteristics already observed in the measurements carried out over the previous 13-year (1982-1994) investigated period. The mean value of 5.06 mBq m(-3) obtained from the analysis of the 4636 particulate samples collected from 1982 to 2002 can be considered a representative value of (7)Be air concentration at ground level in our geographical zone. The comparison of long-te…

MeteorologyPeriod (periodic table)Health Toxicology and MutagenesisSolar activityAir pollutionAtmospheric sciencesmedicine.disease_causePalermoTroposphere7BemedicinePaper filterEnvironmental ChemistryInverse correlationWaste Management and DisposalRadioisotopesActivity concentrationMean valueGeneral MedicineParticulatesHistory 20th CenturyPollutionTemporal variationGround levelSpectrometry GammaItalyEnvironmental scienceBerylliumCosmic RadiationEnvironmental Monitoring
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Synthese, Verteilung und Ausscheidung von 14C markiertem 2-Phenyl-3-methyl-tetrahydro-1,4-oxazin (Preludin)

1958

A radioactive preludin preparation, C14 labelled on the 2-carbon of the tetrahydrooxazine ring, was injected into mice in doses of 100 mg/kg s.c. and rats in doses of 10 mg/kg i.v. The radioactivity of the tissues and excreta was followed for 48 hours. An activity concentration surpassing the average body concentration was obtained for a short time in the lungs and for a longer time in kidneys, liver and in the wall of stomach and small intestine. 95–99% of the total activity is found in the urine. The kidney excretion is virtually finished at the end of 8 hours; 1–5% appear after the 8th hour in faeces. No radioactivity was obtained from the expired CO2. The main excretion organs are kidne…

Pharmacologymedicine.medical_specialtyKidneyChemistryStomachGeneral MedicineUrineSmall intestineExcretionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyInternal medicineActivity concentrationmedicineEnterohepatic circulationFecesNaunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
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$^{222}$Rn emanation measurements for the XENON1T experiment

2021

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of utmost importance for the success of low-energy rare event search experiments. Besides radioactive contaminants in the bulk, the emanation of radioactive radon atoms from material surfaces attains increasing relevance in the effort to further reduce the background of such experiments. In this work, we present the $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements performed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Together with the bulk impurity screening campaign, the results enabled us to select the radio-purest construction materials, targeting a $^{222}$Rn activity concentration of 10 $\mu$Bq/kg in 3.2 t of xenon. The knowledge of the distribut…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Radon emanationFOS: Physical scienceschemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesNOHigh Energy Physics - Experimentradon: nuclideHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)XENONXenon222 RnPE2_2PE2_10103 physical sciencesActivity concentration[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Dark Matter[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)background: radioactivityPhysicsradon: admixture010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfacescreeningInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)chemistryXenon Dark matter 222 Rn radioactivityDark Matter Radon emanation XENON Direct Dark MatterDirect Dark MatterradioactivityAtomic physics
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Analysis of 7Be and 210Pb concentration and 7Be/210Pb activity ratio in ground level air in Palermo (Italy).

2019

Recently a renewed interest has been put on the use of radioactive tracers to study transport and mixing processes in the atmosphere. Among the most commonly used radioactive tracers in the atmosphere, 7Be and 210Pb have assumed an ever-increasing importance. Beryllium-7 is the product of the interaction of cosmic rays with Nitrogen and Oxygen nuclei. Its cosmogenic origin makes the measured concentrations strongly dependent on the geographical position and seasonal cycles. It emits 478 keV gamma photons and has a half-life of about 53 days.

Settore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariEnvironmental radioactivity 7Be 210Pb Activity concentrationSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia
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Determination of 210Pb concentration in the air at ground-level by gamma-ray spectrometry

1999

Abstract 210 Pb activity concentrations in the air of Palermo were determined by γ-ray spectrometric analysis of 323 particulate samples collected in the period September 1995–December 1996. For each sample, the air filtered through a cellulose filter paper was 8600 m 3 on average. The values of the daily activity concentration of 210 Pb were ranging from 136 to 3390 μBq/m 3 .

Spectrometry GammaGround levelRadiationFilter paperAir Pollutants RadioactiveChemistryActivity concentrationAnalytical chemistryLead RadioisotopesParticulatesGamma ray spectrometryApplied Radiation and Isotopes
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Influence of K on the transport of Cs-137 in soil–plant root and root-leaf systems in sugar beet

2015

The main aim of this study was to determine the influence of K-40 activity in the soil on the transport of Cs-137 from the soil to plants and the impact of its activity on the internal transport of Cs-137 between anatomical parts of the sugar beet. The activity concentration of Cs-137 in the soil was bigger than that in the beet. The highest activity concentration of K-40 was observed in beet leaves, while its content in roots and the soil were comparable.

biologyChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisfungiPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthPlant rootfood and beverages010501 environmental sciencesbiology.organism_classificationcomplex mixtures01 natural sciencesPollution030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesHorticulture0302 clinical medicineNuclear Energy and EngineeringActivity concentrationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSugar beetSpectroscopy0105 earth and related environmental sciencesJournal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
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